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Synergistic and antagonistic effects in flame retardancy of an intumescent epoxy resin
Author(s) -
Gérard Caroline,
Fontaine Gaëlle,
Bourbigot Serge
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
polymers for advanced technologies
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.61
H-Index - 90
eISSN - 1099-1581
pISSN - 1042-7147
DOI - 10.1002/pat.1996
Subject(s) - intumescent , ammonium polyphosphate , char , materials science , thermogravimetric analysis , flammability , fire retardant , epoxy , silsesquioxane , chemical engineering , composite material , calorimetry , polymer , pyrolysis , physics , engineering , thermodynamics
Phosphorus‐based products are able to strongly reduce the flammability of epoxy resins. In order to further improve their fire behavior, combinations of a conventional flame retardant (ammonium polyphosphate [APP]) and two other particles have been investigated. The partial substitution of APP by carbon nanotubes reveals an antagonism between these two compounds in terms of heat release rate measured by mass‐loss calorimetry. On the contrary, the combination with octamethyl polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane leads to a huge synergistic effect. These effects are mainly attributed to the char structures. Furthermore, the two systems were studied by thermogravimetric analysis, and they exhibit modifications of the degradation temperatures. The existence of different stabilization effects was also revealed. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.