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Simulation of nonequilibrium effects in quantum cascade lasers
Author(s) -
Jirauschek Christian
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
pamm
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
ISSN - 1617-7061
DOI - 10.1002/pamm.202000239
Subject(s) - cascade , quantum cascade laser , terahertz radiation , laser , quantum , physics , non equilibrium thermodynamics , semiconductor laser theory , photonics , density matrix , realization (probability) , monte carlo method , optoelectronics , statistical physics , quantum mechanics , chemistry , chromatography , statistics , mathematics
Quantum cascade lasers exploit optical transitions between quantized electronic energy levels in multi‐quantum‐well structures for light generation and detection. This design principle enables the realization of compact, semiconductor‐based lasers in the mid‐infrared and terahertz spectral regions. In this contribution, the modeling of such devices is discussed based on an ensemble Monte Carlo approach, enhanced by modifications obtained from the density matrix formalism. A special emphasis is put on the inclusion of nonequilibrium electron and phonon effects. The simulations are validated against available experimental data for a terahertz quantum cascade laser.