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Intensive Weight Loss Intervention and Cancer Risk in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes: Analysis of the Look AHEAD Randomized Clinical Trial
Author(s) -
Yeh HsinChieh,
Bantle John P.,
CassidyBegay Maria,
Blackburn George,
Bray George A.,
Byers Tim,
Clark Jeanne M.,
Coday Mace,
Egan Caitlin,
Espeland Mark A.,
Foreyt John P.,
Garcia Katelyn,
Goldman Valerie,
Gregg Edward W.,
Hazuda Helen P.,
Hesson Louise,
Hill James O.,
Horton Edward S.,
Jakicic John M.,
Jeffery Robert W.,
Johnson Karen C.,
Kahn Steven E.,
Knowler William C.,
Korytkowski Mary,
Kure Anne,
Lewis Cora E.,
Mantzoros Christos,
Meacham Maria,
Montez Maria G.,
Nathan David M.,
Pajewski Nicholas,
Patricio Jennifer,
Peters Anne,
Xavier PiSunyer F.,
Pownall Henry,
Ryan Donna H.,
Safford Monika,
Sedjo Rebecca L.,
Steinburg Helmut,
Vitolins Mara,
Wadden Thomas A.,
Wagenknecht Lynne E.,
Wing Rena R.,
Wolff Antonio C.,
Wyatt Holly,
Yanovski Susan Z.
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
obesity
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.438
H-Index - 199
eISSN - 1930-739X
pISSN - 1930-7381
DOI - 10.1002/oby.22936
Subject(s) - medicine , overweight , incidence (geometry) , cancer , type 2 diabetes , hazard ratio , obesity , weight loss , randomized controlled trial , diabetes mellitus , skin cancer , confidence interval , endocrinology , physics , optics
Objective This study was designed to determine whether intensive lifestyle intervention (ILI) aimed at weight loss lowers cancer incidence and mortality. Methods Data from the Look AHEAD trial were examined to investigate whether participants randomized to ILI designed for weight loss would have reduced overall cancer incidence, obesity‐related cancer incidence, and cancer mortality, as compared with the diabetes support and education (DSE) comparison group. This analysis included 4,859 participants without a cancer diagnosis at baseline except for nonmelanoma skin cancer. Results After a median follow‐up of 11 years, 684 participants (332 in ILI and 352 in DSE) were diagnosed with cancer. The incidence rates of obesity‐related cancers were 6.1 and 7.3 per 1,000 person‐years in ILI and DSE, respectively, with a hazard ratio (HR) of 0.84 (95% CI: 0.68‐1.04). There was no significant difference between the two groups in total cancer incidence (HR, 0.93; 95% CI: 0.80‐1.08), incidence of nonobesity‐related cancers (HR, 1.02; 95% CI: 0.83‐1.27), or total cancer mortality (HR, 0.92; 95% CI: 0.68‐1.25). Conclusions An ILI aimed at weight loss lowered incidence of obesity‐related cancers by 16% in adults with overweight or obesity and type 2 diabetes. The study sample size likely lacked power to determine effect sizes of this magnitude and smaller.