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Bariatric Surgery‐Induced Changes in Intima‐Media Thickness and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Class 3 Obesity: A 3‐Year Follow‐Up Study
Author(s) -
DomenechXimenos Blanca,
Cuba Victor,
DaunisiEstadella Pepus,
ThióHenestrosa Santiago,
Jaldo Francisco,
Biarnes Carles,
Molina Xavier,
Xifra Gemma,
Ricart Wifredo,
Bardera Anton,
Boada Imma,
Essig Marco,
Pedraza Salvador,
Federici Massimo,
FernándezReal José Manuel,
Puig Josep
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
obesity
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.438
H-Index - 199
eISSN - 1930-739X
pISSN - 1930-7381
DOI - 10.1002/oby.22905
Subject(s) - medicine , obesity , intima media thickness , weight loss , blood pressure , risk factor , framingham heart study , surgery , cardiology , framingham risk score , disease , carotid arteries
Objective The impact of weight loss induced by bariatric surgery (BS) and nonsurgical approaches on cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs) has not been fully elucidated. We assessed the effects of BS and a nonsurgical approach on carotid intima‐media thickness (CIMT) and CVRFs in participants with class 3 obesity. Methods A total of 87 participants with obesity (59 women; 46 [37‐52] years old; BMI, 43 [40‐47]) and 75 controls were recruited; 21 (25%) participants with obesity underwent BS. BMI, blood pressure, cholesterol, triglycerides, fasting plasma glucose, C‐reactive protein, CIMT, and Framingham Risk Score were measured at baseline and at 3‐year follow‐up. Independent factors for reduction in CIMT were analyzed. The literature on the effects of BS and CIMT was reviewed. Results After BS, BMI decreased from 45.45 to 27.28 ( P < 0.001), and mean CIMT decreased from 0.64 mm (0.56‐0.75 mm) to 0.54 mm (0.46‐0.65) mm ( P < 0.012), equivalent to 0.005 mm/kg of weight lost. At 3‐year follow‐up, participants who had undergone BS had similar CIMT and CVRFs to the control group. No changes in CVRFs were seen related to the nonsurgical approach. BMI reduction after BS had the strongest independent association with decreased CIMT. Conclusions Weight loss after BS decreases CIMT and CVRFs in middle‐aged participants with class 3 obesity, resulting in CIMT similar to that observed in lean participants.