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Associations Between Body Weight, Hippocampal Volume, and Tissue Signal Intensity in 12‐ to 18‐Year‐Olds
Author(s) -
Mestre Zoe,
Bischoff-Grethe Amanda,
Wierenga Christina E.,
Jernigan Terry,
Eichen Dawn M.,
Chang Linda,
Ernst Thomas,
Boutelle Kerri N.
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
obesity
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.438
H-Index - 199
eISSN - 1930-739X
pISSN - 1930-7381
DOI - 10.1002/oby.22841
Subject(s) - hippocampal formation , hippocampus , medicine , obesity , neurocognitive , magnetic resonance imaging , body mass index , brain size , endocrinology , overweight , physiology , cognition , psychiatry , radiology
Objective The hippocampus is a key structure in feeding behaviors and weight regulation. Obesity may lead to disruptions in hippocampal structure. In animals, obesity‐related factors (e.g., high‐fat/sugar foods) are associated with hippocampal insult (e.g., alterations in the blood brain barrier). In humans, individuals with obesity, relative to healthy weight, have smaller hippocampal volumes. Few studies have examined the association between body weight and the hippocampus during adolescence, a critical brain development period. This study examined hippocampal volume and tissue signal intensity in adolescents across the weight spectrum. Methods Structural magnetic resonance imaging and anthropomorphic data were available for 102 12‐ to 18‐year‐old adolescents (53% female; 15.07 [SD 1.84] years; standardized BMI [BMI z ] scores using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention growth charts: 0.54 [SD 1.17]) from the Pediatric Imaging, Neurocognition, and Genetics database. Linear regression models controlling for age, sex, genetic ancestry, scanner, and household income examined the relationship between BMI z , hippocampal volume, and T2‐weighted hippocampal signal intensity. Results BMI z was negatively associated with T2‐weighted hippocampal signal intensity in the left (t = −3.05; P = 0.003; r = −0.21) and right (t = −2.50; P = 0.01; r = −0.36) hippocampi. BMI z was not significantly associated with hippocampal volume. Conclusions BMI z is associated with hippocampal tissue characteristics during adolescence, which could impact later brain development.