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Weight Regain in Formerly Obese Mice Hastens Development of Hepatic Steatosis Due to Impaired Adipose Tissue Function
Author(s) -
Zamarron Brian F.,
Porsche Cara E.,
Luan Danny,
Lucas Hannah R.,
Mergian Taleen A.,
MartinezSantibanez Gabriel,
Cho Kae Won,
DelProposto Jennifer L.,
Geletka Lynn M.,
Muir Lindsey A.,
Singer Kanakadurga,
Lumeng Carey N.
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
obesity
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.438
H-Index - 199
eISSN - 1930-739X
pISSN - 1930-7381
DOI - 10.1002/oby.22788
Subject(s) - adipose tissue , medicine , endocrinology , white adipose tissue , weight loss , steatosis , adipogenesis , triglyceride , obesity , biology , cholesterol
Objective Weight regain after weight loss is common, and there is evidence to suggest negative effects on health because of weight cycling. This study sought to investigate the impact of weight regain in formerly obese mice on adipose tissue architecture and stromal cell function. Methods A diet‐switch model was employed for obesity induction, weight loss, and weight regain in mice. Flow cytometry quantified adipose tissue leukocytes in adipose tissue. Liver and adipose tissue depots were compared to determine tissue‐specific effects of weight cycling. Results Epididymal white adipose tissue of formerly obese mice failed to expand in response to repeat exposure to high‐fat diet and retained elevated numbers of macrophages and T cells. Weight regain was associated with disproportionally elevated liver mass, hepatic triglyceride content, serum insulin concentration, and serum transaminase concentration. These effects occurred despite an extended 6‐month weight loss cycle and they demonstrate that formerly obese mice maintain durable alterations in their physiological response to weight regain. Conditioned media from epididymal adipose tissue of formerly obese mice inhibited adipogenesis of 3T3‐L1 preadipocytes, suggesting a potential mechanism to explain failed epididymal adipose tissue expansion during weight regain. Conclusions Metabolic abnormalities related to defects in adipose tissue expansion and ongoing dysfunction manifest in formerly obese mice during weight regain.