Premium
Endogenous Omega‐3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Reduce the Number and Differentiation of White Adipocyte Progenitors in Mice
Author(s) -
Chen ChihYu,
Su ChienWen,
Kang Jing X.
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
obesity
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.438
H-Index - 199
eISSN - 1930-739X
pISSN - 1930-7381
DOI - 10.1002/oby.22626
Subject(s) - adipocyte , polyunsaturated fatty acid , adipogenesis , population , progenitor cell , adipose tissue , endocrinology , stromal vascular fraction , white adipose tissue , biology , medicine , stem cell , chemistry , microbiology and biotechnology , fatty acid , biochemistry , environmental health
Objectives Reducing the increased number of white adipocyte progenitors (WAP) is considered a novel approach to controlling obesity. The role of omega‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in regulating the WAP resident population is unclear. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of omega‐3 PUFA on the niche composition of adipose‐derived stem cells. Methods Stromal vascular cell fraction (SVF) was collected from subcutaneous fat of wild‐type (WT) and transgenic mice carrying a fat‐1 gene from Caenorhabditis elegans (Fat‐1 mice), which are capable of synthesizing omega‐3 PUFA and have much higher tissue levels of omega‐3 PUFA relative to WT mice. The isolated SVF cells were cultured and used for the examination of adipocyte differentiation, adipogenic markers, fatty acid composition, and WAP numbers. Results SVF isolated from Fat‐1 mice (Fat‐1‐SVF) exhibited markedly fewer differentiated adipocytes with smaller cell size and less lipid content than that of WT mice (WT‐SVF). Accordingly, adipogenesis‐related genes and the white adipocyte surface marker ASC‐1 were downregulated in Fat‐1‐SVF relative to WT‐SVF. Furthermore, WAP numbers and adipose tissue macrophages were lower in Fat‐1‐SVF than WT‐SVF. Conclusions Omega‐3 PUFA can both limit the WAP resident population and suppress their differentiation to white adipocytes, suggesting a new mechanism for the antiobesity effect of omega‐3 PUFA.