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Exercise and Dairy Protein have Distinct Effects on Indices of Liver and Systemic Lipid Metabolism
Author(s) -
Townsend Logan K.,
Gandhi Shivam,
Shamshoum Hesham,
Trottier Sarah K.,
Mutch David M.,
Reimer Raylene A.,
Shearer Jane,
LeBlanc Paul J.,
Wright David C.
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
obesity
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.438
H-Index - 199
eISSN - 1930-739X
pISSN - 1930-7381
DOI - 10.1002/oby.22621
Subject(s) - lipogenesis , medicine , lipid metabolism , endocrinology , triglyceride , casein , metabolism , aerobic exercise , carbohydrate metabolism , chemistry , food science , cholesterol
Objective This study aimed to explore the individual and combined effects of skim milk powder (SMP) and exercise on indices of systemic and liver lipid metabolism in male obese rats. Methods Rats were fed a high‐fat (~ 40% kcal from fat), high‐sugar diet for 8 weeks. At 12 weeks of age, rats were assigned to one of four weight‐matched, isocaloric, high‐fat, high‐sugar groups for 6 weeks: (1) casein‐sedentary, (2) casein‐exercise, (3) SMP‐sedentary, and (4) SMP‐exercise. Nonfat SMP or casein was the sole protein source in the dairy and control casein diets, respectively. Exercise training occurred 5 d/wk for 60 minutes on a motorized treadmill. Whole‐body metabolism was assessed by a Comprehensive Lab Animal Monitoring System. Lipidomics, Western blot, and polymerase chain reaction were used to assess markers of hepatic lipid metabolism. Results Exercise, but not SMP, altered the fatty acid composition of liver triglycerides, reduced indices of lipogenesis, and increased expression of genes linked to oxidative metabolism, in conjunction with increases in whole‐body fat oxidation. SMP and exercise reduced plasma triglycerides in an additive manner. Conclusions These findings provide evidence that SMP and exercise exert distinct effects on whole‐body and hepatic carbohydrate and lipid metabolism and that they could work in a synergistic manner to reduce serum triglyceride concentrations.