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Comparison of the Effects of High‐Fat Diet on Energy Flux in Mice Using Two Multiplexed Metabolic Phenotyping Systems
Author(s) -
Soto Jamie E.,
Burnett Colin M. L.,
Ten Eyck Patrick,
Abel E. Dale,
Grobe Justin L.
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
obesity
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.438
H-Index - 199
eISSN - 1930-739X
pISSN - 1930-7381
DOI - 10.1002/oby.22441
Subject(s) - calorie , crossover study , respiratory exchange ratio , flux (metallurgy) , energy expenditure , multiplexing , clinical study design , medicine , biology , food science , bioinformatics , computer science , chemistry , endocrinology , pathology , heart rate , organic chemistry , blood pressure , placebo , clinical trial , telecommunications , alternative medicine
Objective Multiplexed metabolic phenotyping systems are available from multiple commercial vendors, and each system includes unique design features. Although expert opinion supports strengths and weaknesses of each design, empirical data from carefully controlled studies to test the biological impact of design differences are lacking. Methods Wild‐type C57BL/6J mice of both sexes underwent phenotyping in OxyMax (Columbus Instruments International) and Promethion (Sable Systems International) systems located within the same room of a newly constructed animal research facility in a crossover design study. Phenotypes were examined under chow (2920×)‐fed conditions and again after 4 weeks of 60% high‐fat diet (D12492) feeding. Results Food intake, physical activity, and respiratory gas exchange data significantly diverged between systems, depending upon sex of animals and diet supplied. Estimates of energy expenditure based on gas exchange in both systems accounted for a fraction of consumed calories that was greater in males than females. Conclusions Design differences quantitatively impact the assessment of metabolic end points and thus the qualitative interpretation of various interventions. Importantly, current multiplexed systems remain blind to multiple additional end points, including digestive efficiency and selected forms of energy flux (nitrogenous, anaerobic, etc.), that account for a physiologically and/or pathophysiologically significant fraction of total energy flux.