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Weight and Shape Concern Impacts Weight Gain Prevention in the SNAP Trial: Implications for Tailoring Intervention Delivery
Author(s) -
Olson KayLoni L.,
Neiberg Rebecca H.,
Tate Deborah F.,
Garcia Katelyn R.,
Gorin Amy A.,
Lewis Cora E.,
Unick Jessica,
Wing Rena R.
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
obesity
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.438
H-Index - 199
eISSN - 1930-739X
pISSN - 1930-7381
DOI - 10.1002/oby.22212
Subject(s) - weight gain , medicine , weight change , weight loss , randomized controlled trial , psychological intervention , young adult , obesity , body weight , psychiatry
Objective The Study of Novel Approaches to Weight Gain Prevention (SNAP) trial demonstrated that two self‐regulatory interventions prevented weight gain in young adults. Weight and shape concern (WSC) at baseline was evaluated as a moderator of weight outcomes at 24 months. Methods Young adults ( n = 599) were randomized to self‐regulation with small changes (to create 200 kcal/day deficit), self‐regulation with large changes (to facilitate preemptive weight loss of 5‐10 lb), or self‐guided control. WSC was assessed by using one item from the Eating Disorders Assessment. ANOVA was used to examine whether the association between baseline level of WSC and percent weight change over 24 months differed across treatment conditions. Results Approximately 22% of participants reported high WSC (37% moderate; 41% low). WSC and treatment condition interacted to influence weight change at 24 months ( P = 0.03). Individuals with high WSC gained weight in the large changes group (WSC least squares means ± SE, high: + 0.73% ± 1.19%; moderate: −2.74% ± 0.84%; low: −2.41% ± 0.79%). The small changes condition was particularly effective for those with high WSC (high WSC: −2.49% ± 1.16%; moderate: −0.60% ± 0.88%; low: −0.71% ± 0.80%). WSC did not impact weight change among control participants. Conclusions Individuals with high WSC may benefit from a small‐changes approach to weight gain prevention. These findings indicate WSC may be used to match individuals to weight gain prevention treatment conditions.