Premium
Pretreatment Fasting Plasma Glucose Modifies Dietary Weight Loss Maintenance Success: Results from a Stratified RCT
Author(s) -
Hjorth Mads F.,
Due Anette,
Larsen Thomas M.,
Astrup Arne
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
obesity
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.438
H-Index - 199
eISSN - 1930-739X
pISSN - 1930-7381
DOI - 10.1002/oby.22004
Subject(s) - medicine , weight loss , overweight , randomized controlled trial , zoology , obesity , endocrinology , biology
Objective Levels of fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and fasting insulin (FI) were studied as diet‐specific prognostic markers for successful weight loss maintenance in participants with overweight. Methods After losing ≥ 8% of body weight, participants received one of three ad libitum diets for 6 months: (1) a moderate‐fat diet high in monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA); [2][McClain AD, 2013] a low‐fat, high‐fiber diet (Nordic Nutrition Recommendations [NNR]); and [3][Gardner CD, 2016] the Average Danish Diet (ADD). Participants were categorized as having low (< 90 mg/dL) or high (90‐105 mg/dL) FPG based on preintervention values. Median FI among those having high FPG was used as a cutoff for FI (FI ≤ 50 pmol/L; FI > 50 pmol/L). Results Participants with low FPG and randomized to MUFA, NNR, and ADD regained similarly 2.1 to 2.5 kg after 6 months. By contrast, participants with high FPG and randomized to MUFA, NNR, and ADD regained 2.73 kg (95% CI 1.33 to 4.13; P < 0.001), −0.05 kg (95% CI −1.95 to 1.86; P = 0.96), and 4.16 kg (95% CI 2.27 to 6.06; P < 0.001) after 6 months, respectively, resulting in lower weight regain on NNR compared to ADD (−4.21 kg [95% CI −6.83 to −1.59]; P = 0.002) and MUFA (95% CI −2.77 kg [−5.12 to −0.43]; P = 0.020). The addition of FI strengthened these associations. Conclusions Slightly elevated pretreatment FPG determined success in dietary weight loss maintenance among overweight patients on ad libitum diets differing in macronutrient and fiber content.