Premium
Exercise with weight loss improves adipose tissue and skeletal muscle markers of fatty acid metabolism in postmenopausal women
Author(s) -
Ortmeyer Heidi K.,
Goldberg Andrew P.,
Ryan Alice S.
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
obesity
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.438
H-Index - 199
eISSN - 1930-739X
pISSN - 1930-7381
DOI - 10.1002/oby.21877
Subject(s) - endocrinology , medicine , lipoprotein lipase , adipose tissue , skeletal muscle , insulin resistance , fatty acid , overweight , citrate synthase , chemistry , obesity , biochemistry , enzyme
Objective The effects of 6‐month weight loss (WL) versus aerobic exercise training (AEX)+WL on fat and skeletal muscle markers of fatty acid metabolism were determined in normal (NGT) and impaired (IGT) glucose tolerant African‐American and Caucasian postmenopausal women with overweight/obesity. Methods Fat (gluteal and abdominal) lipoprotein lipase (LPL), skeletal muscle LPL, acyl‐CoA synthase (ACS), ß‐hydroxacyl‐CoA dehydrogenase, carnitine palmitoyltransferase (CPT‐1), and citrate synthase (CS) activities were measured at baseline ( n = 104) and before and after WL ( n = 34) and AEX+WL ( n = 37). Results After controlling for age and race, muscle LPL and CPT‐1 were lower in IGT, and the ratios of fat/muscle LPL activity were higher in IGT compared to NGT. Muscle LPL was related to insulin sensitivity (M value) and inversely related to G 120 , fasting insulin, and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance. AEX+WL decreased abdominal fat LPL and increased muscle LPL, ACS, and CS. The ratios of fat/muscle LPL decreased after AEX+WL. The change in VO 2 max was related to the changes in LPL, ACS, and CS and inversely related to the changes in fat/muscle LPL activity ratios. Conclusions Six‐month AEX+WL, and not WL alone, is capable of enhancing skeletal muscle fatty acid metabolism in postmenopausal African‐American and Caucasian women with NGT, IGT, and overweight/obesity.