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Cerebrospinal fluid levels of insulin, leptin, and agouti‐related protein in relation to BMI in pregnant women
Author(s) -
Gustavsson Carolina,
Andersson Hall Ulrika,
Pelanis Aurimantas,
Karlsson Ove I.,
Andersson Louise,
Svedin Pernilla,
Mallard Carina,
Myntti Alexandra,
Andreasson Ulf,
Zetterberg Henrik,
Blennow Kaj,
Holmäng Agneta
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
obesity
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.438
H-Index - 199
eISSN - 1930-739X
pISSN - 1930-7381
DOI - 10.1002/oby.21502
Subject(s) - leptin , medicine , endocrinology , insulin , pregnancy , cerebrospinal fluid , overweight , placenta , obesity , fetus , biology , genetics
Objective During pregnancy, metabolic interactions must be adapted, though neuroendocrine mechanisms for increased food intake are poorly understood. The objective of this study was to characterize differences in insulin, leptin, and agouti‐related protein (AgRP) levels in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in pregnant women with normal weight (NW) and pregnant women with overweight (OW) or obesity (OB). Placenta as a source for increased peripheral AgRP levels during pregnancy was also investigated. Methods Women were recruited at admission for elective cesarean section. Insulin, AgRP, and leptin were measured in serum and CSF from 30 NW, 25 OW, and 21 OB at term. Serum during pregnancy and placenta at term were collected for further AgRP analysis. Results Immunohistology showed placental production of AgRP and serum AgRP levels increased throughout pregnancy. CSF AgRP, leptin, and insulin levels were higher in OW and OB than NW. Serum leptin and insulin levels were higher and AgRP lower in OB than NW. Conclusions High serum AgRP levels might protect from the suppressive effects of leptin during pregnancy. Pregnant women with OB and OW might further be protected from the suppressive effect of leptin by high CSF AgRP levels. Evidence was found, for the first time, of human placental AgRP production mirrored by levels in the circulation.