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A randomized trial of high‐dairy‐protein, variable‐carbohydrate diets and exercise on body composition in adults with obesity
Author(s) -
Parr Evelyn B.,
Coffey Ver G.,
Cato Louise E.,
Phillips Stuart M.,
Burke Louise M.,
Hawley John A.
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
obesity
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.438
H-Index - 199
eISSN - 1930-739X
pISSN - 1930-7381
DOI - 10.1002/oby.21451
Subject(s) - overweight , lean body mass , medicine , obesity , carbohydrate , composition (language) , fat mass , zoology , high protein diet , endocrinology , food science , body weight , chemistry , biology , linguistics , philosophy
Objective This study determined the effects of 16‐week high‐dairy‐protein, variable‐carbohydrate (CHO) diets and exercise training (EXT) on body composition in men and women with overweight/obesity. Methods One hundred and eleven participants (age 47 ± 6 years, body mass 90.9 ± 11.7 kg, BMI 33 ± 4 kg/m 2 , values mean ± SD) were randomly stratified to diets with either: high dairy protein, moderate CHO (40% CHO: 30% protein: 30% fat; ∼4 dairy servings); high dairy protein, high CHO (55%: 30%: 15%; ∼4 dairy servings); or control (55%: 15%: 30%; ∼1 dairy serving). Energy restriction (500 kcal/day) was achieved through diet (∼250 kcal/day) and EXT (∼250 kcal/day). Body composition was measured using dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry before, midway, and upon completion of the intervention. Results Eighty‐nine (25 M/64 F) of 115 participants completed the 16‐week intervention, losing 7.7 ± 3.2 kg fat mass ( P  < 0.001) and gaining 0.50 ± 1.75 kg lean mass ( P  < 0.01). There was no difference in the changes in body composition (fat mass or lean mass) between groups. Conclusions Compared to a healthy control diet, energy‐restricted high‐protein diets containing different proportions of fat and CHO confer no advantage to weight loss or change in body composition in the presence of an appropriate exercise stimulus.

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