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TLR 9 regulates adipose tissue inflammation and obesity‐related metabolic disorders
Author(s) -
Hong ChunPyo,
Yun Chang Ho,
Lee GilWoo,
Park Areum,
Kim YouMe,
Jang Myoung Ho
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
obesity
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.438
H-Index - 199
eISSN - 1930-739X
pISSN - 1930-7381
DOI - 10.1002/oby.21215
Subject(s) - adipose tissue , tlr9 , inflammation , adipose tissue macrophages , medicine , endocrinology , insulin resistance , proinflammatory cytokine , chemokine , metabolic syndrome , biology , white adipose tissue , obesity , biochemistry , gene expression , dna methylation , gene
Objective Recent studies have revealed a link between Toll‐like receptor (TLR) signaling and the adipose tissue inflammation associated with obesity. Although TLR9 is known to play an important role in inflammation and innate immunity, its role in mediating adipose tissue inflammation has not yet been investigated. Thus, the objective of this study was to determine the role of TLR9 in regulating immune cells in visceral adipose tissue and maintaining the metabolic homeostasis. Methods Wild‐type and TLR9‐deficient mice were fed with a high‐fat diet, and the body weight gain, glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, and adipose tissue inflammation were examined. Results TLR9‐deficient mice gained significantly more weight and body fat under a high‐fat diet than wild‐type mice and exhibited more severe glucose intolerance and insulin resistance. We also found a dramatic increase of M1 macrophages as well as T H 1 cells in the adipose tissue of TLR9‐deficient mice compared to wild‐type mice. Furthermore, the levels of various proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines were higher in TLR9‐deficient mice. Conclusions TLR9 signaling is involved in regulating adipose tissue inflammation and controlling obesity and the metabolic syndrome.