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Visceral adiposity in persons with chronic spinal cord injury determined by dual energy X‐Ray absorptiometry
Author(s) -
Cirnigliaro Christopher M.,
LaFountaine Michael F.,
Dengel Donald R.,
Bosch Tyler A.,
Emmons Racine R.,
Kirshblum Steven C.,
Sauer Sue,
Asselin Pierre,
Spungen Ann M.,
Bauman William A.
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
obesity
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.438
H-Index - 199
eISSN - 1930-739X
pISSN - 1930-7381
DOI - 10.1002/oby.21194
Subject(s) - medicine , waist , anthropometry , dual energy x ray absorptiometry , adipose tissue , cutoff , spinal cord injury , circumference , body fat percentage , endocrinology , obesity , spinal cord , bone mineral , physics , geometry , osteoporosis , mathematics , quantum mechanics , psychiatry
Objective To determine visceral adipose tissue (VAT) volume (VAT vol ) by dual energy X‐ray absorptiometry (DXA) in spinal cord injured (SCI) and able‐bodied (AB) participants and to explore the relationships between VAT vol and routine anthropometric measures. Methods Sixty‐three subjects with SCI and 126 healthy male AB controls were stratified as low risk [LR: waist circumference (WC) < 102 cm] and moderate to high risk (MHR: WC ≥ 102 cm) for identification of risk for cardiometabolic disease: AB‐LR, SCI‐LR, AB‐MHR, and SCI‐MHR. Anthropometrics and standard body composition measurements by DXA with analysis to derive VAT vol were performed. Results Comparison of the four subgroups demonstrated the highest subcutaneous adipose tissue volume (SAT vol ) in the AB‐MHR group ( P < 0.01), and the highest VAT vol in the SCI‐MHR group ( P < 0.01). Furthermore, when compared to the AB group, participants with SCI had a 27% increase in VAT vol for every centimeter increase in WC and a 20% increase in VAT vol for every unit increase in BMI. Conclusions Because cutoff values for the routine surrogate measures of adiposity underestimate visceral adiposity in persons with SCI, the risk of adverse metabolic consequences would also be underestimated, which necessitates adjustment of the these cutoff values or, preferably, to perform its direct measurement.