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A high‐protein breakfast prevents body fat gain, through reductions in daily intake and hunger, in “Breakfast skipping” adolescents
Author(s) -
Leidy Heather J.,
Hoertel Heather A.,
Douglas Steve M.,
Higgins Kelly A.,
Shafer Rebecca S.
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
obesity
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.438
H-Index - 199
eISSN - 1930-739X
pISSN - 1930-7381
DOI - 10.1002/oby.21185
Subject(s) - overweight , appetite , medicine , obesity , body mass index , body weight , zoology , food science , endocrinology , chemistry , biology
Objective The purpose of this study was to examine whether the daily consumption of normal‐protein (NP) vs. high‐protein (HP) breakfast meals improves appetite control, food intake, and body composition in “breakfast skipping” young people with overweight/obesity. Methods Fifty‐seven adolescents (age: 19 ± 1 years; BMI: 29.7 ± 4.6 kg m −2 ) completed a 12‐week randomized controlled trial in which the adolescents consumed either a 1,464 kJ NP breakfast (13 g protein) or a HP breakfast (35 g protein) or continued to skip breakfast (CON). Pre‐ and post‐study appetite, food intake, body weight, and body composition were assessed. Results Time‐by‐group interactions ( P < 0.05) were detected for body fat mass, daily intake, and perceived hunger. Specifically, HP prevented fat mass gains over the 12 weeks (−0.4 ± 0.5 kg) vs. CON (+1.6 ± 0.9 kg; P = 0.02), whereas NP did not (+0.3 ± 0.5 kg). HP led to reductions in daily intake (−1,724 ± 954 kJ) vs. CON (+1,556 ± 745 kJ; P = 0.03), whereas NP did not (+494 ± 213 kJ). Lastly, only the HP group experienced reductions in daily hunger vs. CON ( P < 0.05). However, when directly comparing the HP vs. NP groups, no differences were detected in any outcomes. Conclusions The daily addition of a HP breakfast improved indices of weight management as illustrated by the prevention of body fat gain, voluntary reductions in daily intake, and reductions in daily hunger in breakfast skipping adolescents with overweight/obesity.