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Metabolomic analysis reveals altered skeletal muscle amino acid and fatty acid handling in obese humans
Author(s) -
Baker Peter R.,
Boyle Kristen E.,
Koves Timothy R.,
Ilkayeva Olga R.,
Muoio Deborah M.,
Houmard Joseph A.,
Friedman Jacob E.
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
obesity
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.438
H-Index - 199
eISSN - 1930-739X
pISSN - 1930-7381
DOI - 10.1002/oby.21046
Subject(s) - skeletal muscle , medicine , endocrinology , postprandial , amino acid , methionine , chemistry , metabolism , fatty acid , arginine , biochemistry , insulin
Objective Investigate the effects of obesity and high‐fat diet (HFD) exposure on fatty acid oxidation and TCA cycle intermediates and amino acids in skeletal muscle to better characterize energy metabolism. Methods Plasma and skeletal muscle metabolomic profiles were measured from lean and obese males before and after a 5‐day HFD in the 4 h postprandial condition. Results At both time points, plasma short‐chain acylcarnitine species (SCAC) were higher in the obese subjects, while the amino acids glycine, histidine, methionine, and citrulline were lower in skeletal muscle of obese subjects. Skeletal muscle medium‐chain acylcarnitines (MCAC) C6, C8, C10:2, C10:1, C10, and C12:1 increased in obese subjects, but decreased in lean subjects, from pre‐ to post‐HFD. Plasma content of C10:1 was also decreased in the lean but increased in the obese subjects from pre‐ to post‐HFD. CD36 increased from pre‐ to post‐HFD in obese but not lean subjects. Conclusions Lower skeletal muscle amino acid content and accumulation of plasma SCAC in obese subjects could reflect increased anaplerosis for TCA cycle intermediates, while accumulation of MCAC suggests limitations in β‐oxidation. These measures may be important markers of or contributors to dysregulated metabolism observed in skeletal muscle of obese humans.