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Ambient temperature and prevalence of obesity in the Spanish population: The D i@bet.es study
Author(s) -
Valdés Sergio,
MaldonadoAraque Cristina,
GarcíaTorres Francisca,
Goday Alberto,
BoschComas Ana,
Bordiú Elena,
CallePascual Alfonso,
Carmena Rafael,
Casamitjana Roser,
Castaño Luis,
Castell Conxa,
Catalá Miguel,
Delgado Elias,
Franch Josep,
Gaztambide Sonia,
Girbés Juan,
Gomis Ramon,
Gutiérrez Galder,
LópezAlba Alfonso,
MartínezLarrad Maria,
Menéndez Edelmiro,
MoraPeces Inmaculada,
Ortega Emilio,
PascualManich Gemma,
SerranoRios Manuel,
Urrutia Ines,
Vázquez Jose Antonio,
Vendrell Joan,
Soriguer Federico,
RojoMartínez Gemma
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
obesity
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.438
H-Index - 199
eISSN - 1930-739X
pISSN - 1930-7381
DOI - 10.1002/oby.20866
Subject(s) - quartile , medicine , obesity , confounding , demography , logistic regression , population , cross sectional study , national health and nutrition examination survey , environmental health , confidence interval , pathology , sociology
Objective The aim of this study was to examine possible associations between ambient temperature and obesity in the Spanish population using an ecological focus. Methods The Di@bet.es study is a national, cross‐sectional, population‐based survey of cardiometabolic risk factors and their association with lifestyle. Sample: 5,061 subjects in 100 clusters. Variables: Clinical, demographic and lifestyle survey, physical examination, and blood sampling. The mean annual temperature (°C) for each study site was collected from the Spanish National Meteorology Agency (1971‐2000). Results The prevalence rates of obesity in the different geographical areas divided according to mean annual temperature quartiles were 26.9% in quartile 1 (10.4‐14.5°C), 30.5% in quartile 2 (14.5‐15.5°C), 32% in quartile 3 (15.5‐17.8°C), and 33.6% in quartile 4 (17.8‐21.3°C) ( P = 0.003). Logistic regression analyses including multiple socio‐demographic (age, gender, educational level, marital status) and lifestyle (physical activity, Mediterranean diet score, smoking) variables showed that, as compared with quartile 1, the odd ratios for obesity were 1.20 (1.01‐1.42), 1.35 (1.12‐1.61), and 1.38 (1.14‐1.67) in quartiles 2, 3, and 4, respectively ( P = 0.001 for difference, P < 0.001 for trend). Conclusions Our study reports an association between ambient temperature and obesity in the Spanish population controlled for known confounders.