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Interactions of dietary protein and adiposity measures in relation to subsequent changes in body weight and waist circumference
Author(s) -
Ankarfeldt Mikkel Z.,
Ängquist Lars,
Jakobsen Marianne Uhre,
Overvad Kim,
Tjønneland Anne,
Halkjær Jytte,
Astrup Arne,
Sørensen Thorkild I.A.
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
obesity
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.438
H-Index - 199
eISSN - 1930-739X
pISSN - 1930-7381
DOI - 10.1002/oby.20812
Subject(s) - waist , circumference , body mass index , anthropometry , medicine , population , obesity , endocrinology , environmental health , geometry , mathematics
Objective To investigate if dietary protein and degree of adiposity interacts in relation to change in body weight and waist circumference (WC) in the general population. Methods In total 22,433 middle‐aged individuals with dietary assessment at baseline and anthropometry at baseline and at follow‐up about 5 years later were analyzed with multiple linear regression and dietary macronutrient substitution models. Interactions between dietary protein and baseline body mass index (BMI) and baseline WC adjusted for BMI (WC BMI ) (divided in tertiles; nine groups total), were analyzed in relation to changes in body weight (BW) and changes WC adjusted for change in BW. Results Baseline intake of protein was not significantly associated with changes in weight or waist circumference. Across the nine groups of baseline BMI and WC BMI there were no distinct trends in the associations between dietary protein, whether replacing carbohydrate or fat, and weight change. However, individuals in the highest tertile of baseline BMI (irrespective of baseline WC BMI ) had significantly inverse change in waist circumference when protein replaced carbohydrate, but not when protein replaced fat. Conclusion Replacing carbohydrate with protein in the diet may prevent a relative increase in WC in individuals with a greater BMI.