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Bariatric surgery‐induced weight loss causes remission of food addiction in extreme obesity
Author(s) -
Pepino Marta Yanina,
Stein Richard I.,
Eagon J. Christopher,
Klein Samuel
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
obesity
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.438
H-Index - 199
eISSN - 1930-739X
pISSN - 1930-7381
DOI - 10.1002/oby.20797
Subject(s) - weight loss , emotional eating , medicine , food addiction , craving , eating behavior , obesity , food craving , sleeve gastrectomy , weight loss surgery , gastric bypass surgery , addiction , obesity surgery , gastric bypass , surgery , gastroenterology , psychiatry
Objective To test the hypotheses that bariatric surgery‐induced weight loss: [1][Wang GJ, 2001] induces remission of food addiction (FA), and [2][Volkow ND, 2012] normalizes other eating behaviors associated with FA. Methods Forty‐four obese subjects (BMI= 48 ± 8 kg/m 2 ) were studied before and after ∼20% weight loss induced by bariatric surgery (25 Roux‐en‐Y gastric bypass, 11 laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding, and eight sleeve gastrectomy). We assessed: [1][Wang GJ, 2001] FA (Yale Food Addiction Scale), [2][Volkow ND, 2012] food cravings (Food Craving Inventory), and [3][Davis C, 2011] restrictive, emotional and external eating behaviors (Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire). Results FA was identified in 32% of subjects before surgery. Compared with non‐FA subjects, those with FA craved foods more frequently, and had higher scores for emotional and external eating behaviors (all P ‐values <0.01; all Cohen's d >0.8). Surgery‐induced weight loss resulted in remission of FA in 93% of FA subjects; no new cases of FA developed after surgery. Surgery‐induced weight loss decreased food cravings, and emotional and external eating behaviors in both groups (all P ‐values < 0.001; all Cohen's d ≥ 0.8). Restrictive eating behavior did not change in non‐FA subjects but increased in FA subjects ( P < 0.01; Cohen's d>1.1). Conclusion Bariatric surgery‐induced weight loss induces remission of FA and improves several eating behaviors that are associated with FA.