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Women who are motivated to eat and discount the future are more obese
Author(s) -
Epstein Leonard H.,
Jankowiak Noelle,
Fletcher Kelly D.,
Carr Katelyn A.,
Nederkoorn Chantal,
Raynor Hollie A.,
Finkelstein Eric
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
obesity
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.438
H-Index - 199
eISSN - 1930-739X
pISSN - 1930-7381
DOI - 10.1002/oby.20661
Subject(s) - disinhibition , body mass index , obesity , medicine , reinforcement , delay discounting , gerontology , analysis of variance , demography , psychology , impulsivity , clinical psychology , social psychology , psychiatry , sociology
Objective Food reinforcement and delay discounting (DD) independently predict body mass index (BMI), but there is no research studying whether these variables interact to improve prediction of BMI. Methods BMI, the relative reinforcing value of high (PMAX HED ) and low (PMAX LED ) energy dense food, and DD for $10 and $100 future rewards (DD 10 , DD 100 ) were measured in 199 adult females. Results PMAX HED ( P = 0.017), DD 10 ( P = 0.003), and DD 100 ( P = 0.003) were independent predictors of BMI. The interaction of PMAX LED × DD 10 ( P = 0.033) and DD 100 ( P = 0.039), and PMAX HED × DD 10 ( P = 0.038) and DD 100 ( P = 0.045) increased the variance accounted for predicting BMI beyond the base model controlling for age, education, minority status, disinhibition, and dietary restraint. Based on the regression model, BMI differed by about 2 BMI units for low versus high food reinforcement, by about 3 BMI units for low versus high DD, and by about 4 BMI units for those high in PMAX HED , but low in DD versus high in PMAX HED and high in DD. Conclusion Reducing DD may help prevent obesity and improve treatment of obesity in those who are high in food reinforcement.