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Modifying influence of dietary sugar in the relationship between cortisol and visceral adipose tissue in minority youth
Author(s) -
Gyllenhammer Lauren E.,
Weigensberg Marc J.,
SpruijtMetz Donna,
Allayee Hooman,
Goran Michael I.,
Davis Jaimie N.
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
obesity
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.438
H-Index - 199
eISSN - 1930-739X
pISSN - 1930-7381
DOI - 10.1002/oby.20594
Subject(s) - medicine , endocrinology , overweight , adipose tissue , added sugar , obesity , sugar , body mass index , hormone , intra abdominal fat , visceral fat , biology , insulin resistance , food science
Objective Cortisol has been associated with preferential visceral adipose tissue (VAT) deposition; however, findings in humans are mixed, which may be clarified when diet is considered. Design and Methods Participants included 165 African‐American and Latino, overweight adolescents (BMI% 97.2±3.2%, ages 13‐18, 67% Latino, 66% female). Body composition was determined by dual energy X‐ray absorptiometry, abdominal fat depots [VAT, subcutaneous (SAT)] by multiple‐slice MRI, time‐controlled serum sample to measure cortisol, and 2‐day multi‐pass 24‐hour dietary recall. Linear regression analysis examined the cross‐sectional relationship between cortisol, and the interaction of diet and cortisol on adiposity measures. Sex, race, age, and total body fat were a priori covariates. Results There was a significant interaction between cortisol and sugar (total and added) in the prediction of VAT ( P interaction ≤ 0.05). Amongst participants with high total or added‐sugar intake, cortisol was significantly associated with VAT (ß = 0.031 P < 0.001; ß = 0.026 P < 0.001), with no relationship in low consumers of total or added‐sugar. Conclusion Dietary sugar may play an important role in modifying the relationship between cortisol and VAT, such that cortisol is significantly associated with elevated VAT under conditions of high sugar intake.