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Modeling metabolic syndrome through structural equations of metabolic traits, comorbid diseases, and GWAS variants
Author(s) -
Karns Rebekah,
Succop Paul,
Zhang Ge,
Sun Guangyun,
Indugula Subba R.,
HavasAugustin Dubravka,
Novokmet Natalija,
Durakovic Zijad,
Milanovic Sanja Music,
Missoni Sasa,
Vuletic Silvije,
Chakraborty Ranajit,
Rudan Pavao,
Deka Ranjan
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
obesity
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.438
H-Index - 199
eISSN - 1930-739X
pISSN - 1930-7381
DOI - 10.1002/oby.20445
Subject(s) - metabolic syndrome , dyslipidemia , medicine , hyperuricemia , genome wide association study , endocrinology , gout , diabetes mellitus , glycated hemoglobin , obesity , type 2 diabetes , uric acid , biology , single nucleotide polymorphism , genotype , genetics , gene
Objective To provide a quantitative map of relationships between metabolic traits, genome‐wide association studies (GWAS) variants, metabolic syndrome (MetS), and metabolic diseases through factor analysis and structural equation modeling (SEM). Design and Methods Cross‐sectional data were collected on 1,300 individuals from an eastern Adriatic Croatian island, including 14 anthropometric and biochemical traits, and diagnoses of type 2 diabetes, coronary heart disease, gout, kidney disease, and stroke. MetS was defined based on Adult Treatment Panel III criteria. Forty widely replicated GWAS variants were genotyped. Correlated quantitative traits were reduced through factor analysis; relationships between factors, genetic variants, MetS, and metabolic diseases were determined through SEM. Results MetS was associated with obesity ( P < 0.0001), dyslipidemia ( P < 0.0001), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c; P = 0.0013), hypertension ( P < 0.0001), and hyperuricemia ( P < 0.0001). Of metabolic diseases, MetS was associated with gout ( P = 0.024), coronary heart disease was associated with HbA1c ( P < 0.0001), and type 2 diabetes was associated with HbA1c ( P < 0.0001) and obesity ( P = 0.008). Eleven GWAS variants predicted metabolic variables, MetS, and metabolic diseases. Notably, rs7100623 in HHEX/IDE was associated with HbA1c ( β = 0.03; P < 0.0001) and type 2 diabetes ( β = 0.326; P = 0.0002), underscoring substantial impact on glucose control. Conclusions Although MetS was associated with obesity, dyslipidemia, glucose control, hypertension, and hyperuricemia, limited ability of MetS to indicate metabolic disease risk is suggested.