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Principal‐agent relationships on the stewardship‐agency axis
Author(s) -
Caers Ralf,
Bois Cindy Du,
Jegers Marc,
Gieter Sara De,
Schepers Catherine,
Pepermans Roland
Publication year - 2006
Publication title -
nonprofit management and leadership
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.844
H-Index - 54
eISSN - 1542-7854
pISSN - 1048-6682
DOI - 10.1002/nml.129
Subject(s) - stewardship (theology) , agency (philosophy) , principal–agent problem , principal (computer security) , stewardship theory , position (finance) , public relations , business , sociology , political science , law , computer science , social science , finance , corporate governance , politics , operating system
This article provides an overview of the literature on nonprofit principal‐agent relationships. It depicts the nature of agency theory and stewardship theory, analyzes the origin of their struggle within the nonprofit structure, and marks directions for a conciliatory approach. We open with an introduction to agency theory and discuss the two main components of its mathematical branch. We thereby contrast it with stewardship theory and elaborate on the arguments that can affect the position of nonprofit principal‐agent relationships on the stewardship‐agency axis. Analysis of the existing literature points to a lack of consensus as to which theory should be applied. We argue that the division of nonprofit principalagent relationships into board‐manager and manageremployee interactions may help to clarify the balance between agency theory and stewardship theory and may lead to the establishment of a strongly founded theory on nonprofit principal‐agent relationships. We close with a discussion of how this article may prove valuable to nonprofit policymakers and other empirical researchers.