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A bilinear shell element with the cross‐reduced integration technique
Author(s) -
Zhong ZhiHua
Publication year - 1993
Publication title -
international journal for numerical methods in engineering
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.421
H-Index - 168
eISSN - 1097-0207
pISSN - 0029-5981
DOI - 10.1002/nme.1620360405
Subject(s) - bilinear interpolation , mathematical analysis , finite element method , numerical integration , degrees of freedom (physics and chemistry) , spurious relationship , shell (structure) , geometry , mathematics , physics , classical mechanics , structural engineering , materials science , engineering , composite material , statistics , quantum mechanics
A bilinear shell element is presented. The element is based on the concepts of laminas and fibres. A cross‐reduced integration technique is used to carry out the element integration. In this reduced integration technique, the Gauss points are chosen both on the reference lamina and along the central fibre. Spurious shear strains are averaged on the reference lamina to solve the shear locking problem and to eliminate any zero‐energy mode associated with the rotational degrees of freedom. Due to the integration on the reference lamina, zero‐energy modes associated with the translational degrees of freedom can also be removed. The behaviour of the element is examined in several numerical examples with various loading conditions and boundary conditions.