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A triangular hybrid equilibrium plate element of general degree
Author(s) -
Maunder E. A. W.,
Moitinho de Almeida J. P.
Publication year - 2005
Publication title -
international journal for numerical methods in engineering
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.421
H-Index - 168
eISSN - 1097-0207
pISSN - 0029-5981
DOI - 10.1002/nme.1271
Subject(s) - degree (music) , mathematics , element (criminal law) , finite element method , geometry , structural engineering , engineering , physics , political science , acoustics , law
Hybrid stress‐based finite elements with side displacement fields have been used to generate equilibrium models having the property of equilibrium in a strong form. This paper establishes the static and kinematic characteristics of a flat triangular hybrid equilibrium element with both membrane and plate bending actions of general polynomial degree p . The principal characteristics concern the existence of hyperstatic stress fields and spurious kinematic modes. The former are shown to exist for p >3, and their significance to finite element analysis is reviewed. Knowledge of the latter is crucial to the determination of the stability of a mesh of triangular elements, and to the choice of procedure adopted for the solution of the system of equations. Both types of characteristic are dependent on p , and are established as regards their numbers and general algebraic forms. Graphical illustrations of these forms are included in the paper. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.