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Food Is Medicine: A Qualitative Analysis of Patient and Institutional Barriers to Successful Surgical Nutrition Practices in an Enhanced Recovery After Surgery Setting
Author(s) -
Gillis Chelsia,
Martin Lisa,
Gill Marlyn,
Gilmour Loreen,
Nelson Gregg,
Gramlich Leah
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
nutrition in clinical practice
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.725
H-Index - 71
eISSN - 1941-2452
pISSN - 0884-5336
DOI - 10.1002/ncp.10215
Subject(s) - medicine , qualitative research , thematic analysis , nutrition education , focus group , theme (computing) , perception , patient experience , nursing , medical education , family medicine , health care , gerontology , marketing , psychology , neuroscience , sociology , computer science , economics , business , economic growth , operating system , social science
Background Close adherence to the Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) program is associated with improved outcomes. A nutrition‐focused qualitative analysis of patient experience and of ERAS implementation across our province was conducted to better understand the barriers to successful adoption of ERAS nutrition elements. Methods Enrolled colorectal patients (n = 27) were asked to describe their surgical experience. Narrative interviews (n = 20) and focus groups (n = 7) were transcribed verbatim and analyzed inductively for food and nutrition themes. Qualitative data sources (n = 198 documents) collected throughout our implementation of ERAS were categorized as institutional barriers that impeded the successful adoption of ERAS nutrition practices. Results We identified patient barriers related to 3 main themes. The first theme, Mistaken nutrition facts & beliefs , describes how information provision was a key barrier to the successful adoption of nutrition elements. Patients held misconceptions and providers tended to provide them with contradictory nutrition messages, ultimately impeding adequate food intake and adherence to ERAS elements. The second theme, White bread is good for the soul? , represents a mismatch between prescribed medical diets and patient priorities. The third theme, Food is medicine , details patient beliefs that food is healing; the perception that nutritious food and dietary support was lacking produced dissatisfaction among patients. Overall, the most important institutional barrier limiting successful adoption of nutrition practices was the lack of education for patients and providers. Conclusion Applying a patient‐centered model of care that focuses on personalizing the ERAS nutrition elements might be a useful strategy to improve patient satisfaction, encourage food intake, correct previously held beliefs, and promote care adherence.