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Optimized diffusion‐weighted spectroscopy for measuring brain glutamate apparent diffusion coefficient on a whole‐body MR system
Author(s) -
Valette Julien,
Guillermier Martine,
Besret Laurent,
Boumezbeur Fawzi,
Hantraye Philippe,
Lebon Vincent
Publication year - 2005
Publication title -
nmr in biomedicine
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.278
H-Index - 114
eISSN - 1099-1492
pISSN - 0952-3480
DOI - 10.1002/nbm.985
Subject(s) - glutamate receptor , effective diffusion coefficient , nuclear magnetic resonance , in vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy , creatine , diffusion mri , chemistry , white matter , nuclear medicine , physics , medicine , magnetic resonance imaging , biochemistry , receptor , radiology
A diffusion‐weighted stimulated echo acquisition mode sequence was implemented in order to measure the glutamate apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) in the monkey brain on a whole‐body 3 T system. TE and TM were adjusted for maximizing glutamate signal intensity. Glutamate ADC was measured in a 5.8 mL voxel made of gray and white matter in macaque monkeys. The effect of post‐processing on the estimated ADC was carefully assessed and appeared to be critical. Individual scan phasing and macromolecule subtraction corrected for ∼25% and ∼15% biases in glutamate ADC, respectively. Proper data processing yielded ADC values of 0.21 ± 0.03 µm 2 /ms for glutamate, 0.15 ± 0.04 µm 2 /ms for N ‐acetylaspartate + N ‐acetylaspartylglutamate, 0.12 ± 0.03 µm 2 /ms for creatine, 0.11 ± 0.05 µm 2 /ms for choline and 0.18 ± 0.04 µm 2 /ms for myo‐inositol. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.