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Single breath‐hold measurement of pulmonary gas exchange and diffusion in humans with hyperpolarized 129 Xe MR
Author(s) -
Xie Junshuai,
Li Haidong,
Zhang Huiting,
Zhao Xiuchao,
Shi Lei,
Zhang Ming,
Xiao Sa,
Deng He,
Wang Ke,
Yang Hao,
Sun Xianping,
Wu Guangyao,
Ye Chaohui,
Zhou Xin
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
nmr in biomedicine
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.278
H-Index - 114
eISSN - 1099-1492
pISSN - 0952-3480
DOI - 10.1002/nbm.4068
Subject(s) - pulmonary function testing , respiratory system , arterial blood , perfusion , lung , chemistry , medicine , parenchyma , nuclear magnetic resonance , cardiology , nuclear medicine , pathology , physics
Pulmonary diseases usually result in changes of the blood‐gas exchange function in the early stages. Gas exchange across the respiratory membrane and gas diffusion in the alveoli can be quantified using hyperpolarized 129 Xe MR via chemical shift saturation recovery (CSSR) and diffusion‐weighted imaging (DWI), respectively. Generally, CSSR and DWI data have been collected in separate breaths in humans. Unfortunately, the lung inflation level cannot be the exactly same in different breaths, which causes fluctuations in blood‐gas exchange and pulmonary microstructure. Here we combine CSSR and DWI obtained with compressed sensing, to evaluate the gas diffusion and exchange function within a single breath‐hold in humans. A new parameter, namely the perfusion factor of the respiratory membrane (SVR d/g ), is proposed to evaluate the gas exchange function. Hyperpolarized 129 Xe MR data are compared with pulmonary function tests and computed tomography examinations in healthy young, age‐matched control, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease human cohorts. SVR d/g decreases as the ventilation impairment and emphysema index increase. Our results indicate that the proposed method has the potential to detect the extent of lung parenchyma destruction caused by age and pulmonary diseases, and it would be useful in the early diagnosis of pulmonary diseases in clinical practice.