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Fractionated manganese‐enhanced MRI
Author(s) -
Bock Nicholas A.,
Paiva Fernando F.,
Silva Afonso C.
Publication year - 2008
Publication title -
nmr in biomedicine
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.278
H-Index - 114
eISSN - 1099-1492
pISSN - 0952-3480
DOI - 10.1002/nbm.1211
Subject(s) - manganese , chemistry , magnetic resonance imaging , nuclear medicine , medicine , radiology , organic chemistry
We investigated the use of manganese‐enhanced MRI (MEMRI) with fractionated doses as a way to retain the unique properties of manganese as a neuronal contrast agent while lessening its toxic effects in animals. First, we followed the signal enhancement on T 1 ‐weighted images of the brains of rats receiving 30 mg/kg fractions of MnCl 2 · 4H 2 O every 48 h and found that the signal increased in regions with consecutive fractionated doses and ultimately saturated. Second, we used T 1 mapping to test whether the amount of MRI‐visible manganese that accumulated depended on the concentration of manganese in the fractions. For a fixed cumulative dose of 180 mg/kg MnCl 2 · 4H 2 O, increasing fraction doses of 6 × 30 mg/kg, 3 × 60 mg/kg, 2 × 90 mg/kg and 1 × 180 mg/kg produced progressively shorter T 1 values. The adverse systemic health effects, including complications at the injection site and poor animal well‐being, also rose with the fraction dose. Thus, fractionated MEMRI can be used to balance the properties of manganese as a contrast agent in animals against its toxic effects. Published in 2007 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.