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Quantitative glutamate spectroscopic imaging of the human hippocampus
Author(s) -
Pan J. W.,
Venkatraman T.,
Vives K.,
Spencer D. D.
Publication year - 2006
Publication title -
nmr in biomedicine
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.278
H-Index - 114
eISSN - 1099-1492
pISSN - 0952-3480
DOI - 10.1002/nbm.1019
Subject(s) - glutamate receptor , white matter , hippocampal formation , hippocampus , nuclear magnetic resonance , neuroscience , human brain , chemistry , biophysics , physics , biology , magnetic resonance imaging , medicine , biochemistry , radiology , receptor
We have evaluated a three‐dimensional localized spectroscopic imaging sequence that uses two pairs of adiabatic full‐passage pulses, which optimizes the detection of glutamate resonances at moderate echo times. This sequence provides excellent volume localization while simultaneously reducing J ‐modulation losses of glutamate. We have simulated the performance of this sequence for glutamate and used it to quantitatively measure glutamate in the human hippocampus using a linear components model. Using tissue segmentation and regression analysis, we measured a glutamate concentration of 8.8 ± 2.1 m M in hippocampal and temporal gray matter and 3.7 ± 1.1 m M in temporal white matter (95% CI). We have used this approach in a small group of patients ( n = 5) with unilateral hippocampal epilepsy. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.