Premium
Animal modeling of lower urinary tract dysfunction associated with multiple sclerosis: Part I: Justification of the mouse model for MS research
Author(s) -
Ramasamy Ramalakshmi,
Smith Phillip P.
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
neurourology and urodynamics
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.918
H-Index - 90
eISSN - 1520-6777
pISSN - 0733-2467
DOI - 10.1002/nau.24649
Subject(s) - medicine , lower urinary tract symptoms , multiple sclerosis , context (archaeology) , disease , urinary system , pathophysiology , urologic disease , clinical significance , intensive care medicine , bioinformatics , immunology , prostate , paleontology , cancer , biology
Lower urinary tract symptoms and dysfunction (LUTS/LUTD) contribute to loss of quality of life, morbidity, and need for medical intervention in most patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Although MS is an inflammatory neurodegenerative disease, clinical manifestations including continence control disorders have traditionally been attributed to the loss of neural signaling due to neurodegeneration. Clinical approaches to MS‐LUTS/LUTD have focused on addressing symptoms in the context of urodynamic dysfunctions as pathophysiologic understandings are incomplete. The mouse model provides a useful research platform for the discovery of more detailed molecular, cellular, and tissue‐level knowledge of the disease and its clinical manifestations. The aim of this two‐part review is to provide a state‐of‐the‐art update on the use of the mouse model for MS research, with a focus on lower urinary tract symptoms. Part I presents a summary of the current understanding of MS pathophysiology, the impact on lower urinary tract symptoms, and briefly introduces the types of mouse models available to study MS. Part II presents the common animal models that are currently available to study MS, their mechanism, relevance to MS‐LUTS/LUTD and their urinary pathophysiology, advantages, and disadvantages.