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Psychosocial co‐morbidities in Interstitial Cystitis/Bladder Pain syndrome (IC/BPS): A systematic review
Author(s) -
McKernan Lindsey C.,
Walsh Colin G.,
Reynolds William S.,
Crofford Leslie J.,
Dmochowski Roger R.,
Williams David A.
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
neurourology and urodynamics
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.918
H-Index - 90
eISSN - 1520-6777
pISSN - 0733-2467
DOI - 10.1002/nau.23421
Subject(s) - psychosocial , medicine , interstitial cystitis , cohort , population , cohort study , anxiety , depression (economics) , cinahl , physical therapy , psychiatry , clinical psychology , psychological intervention , environmental health , urinary system , economics , macroeconomics
Aims Psychosocial factors amplify symptoms of Interstitial Cystitis (IC/BPS). While psychosocial self‐management is efficacious in other pain conditions, its impact on an IC/BPS population has rarely been studied. The objective of this review is to learn the prevalence and impact of psychosocial factors on IC/BPS, assess baseline psychosocial characteristics, and offer recommendations for assessment and treatment. Method Following PRISMA guidelines, primary information sources were PubMed including MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, and GoogleScholar. Inclusion criteria included: (i) a clearly defined cohort with IC/BPS or with Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome provided the IC/BPS cohort was delineated with quantitative results from the main cohort; (ii) all genders and regions; (iii) studies written in English from 1995 to April 14, 2017; (iv) quantitative report of psychosocial factors as outcome measures or at minimum as baseline characteristics. Results Thirty‐four of an initial 642 articles were reviewed. Quantitative analyses demonstrate the magnitude of psychosocial difficulties in IC/BPS, which are worse than average on all measures, and fall into areas of clinical concern for 7 out of 10 measures. Meta‐analyses shows mean Mental Component Score of the Short‐Form 12 Health Survey (MCS) of 40.80 (SD 6.25, N = 2912), where <36 is consistent with severe psychological impairment. Averaged across studies, the population scored in the range seen in clinical depression (CES‐D 19.89, SD 13.12, N = 564) and generalized anxiety disorder (HADS‐A 8.15, SD 4.85, N = 465). Conclusion The psychological impact of IC/BPS is pervasive and severe. Existing evidence of treatment is lacking and suggests self‐management intervention may be helpful.