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Nerve conduction studies in experimental non‐freezing cold injury: II. Generalized nerve cooling by limb immersion
Author(s) -
Kennett Robin P.,
Gilliatt Roger W.
Publication year - 1991
Publication title -
muscle and nerve
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.025
H-Index - 145
eISSN - 1097-4598
pISSN - 0148-639X
DOI - 10.1002/mus.880141006
Subject(s) - anatomy , hindlimb , nerve conduction velocity , medicine , nerve fiber , degeneration (medical) , thigh , edema , tibial nerve , anesthesia , surgery , pathology , stimulation
After immersion of the hind limb of the rabbit, up to the lower thigh, in a waterbath, at 1°C for 10 to 14 hours under light anesthesia, there was evidence of persistent nerve damage to the tibial nerve, which varied in severity in different animals. Nerve conduction studies, carried out within 24 hours of removal from the bath, showed that in a proportion of the motor and/or afferent fibers, there was conduction failure between the knee and ankle. This was followed, over the next 48 hours, by distal degeneration of the affected fibers. No persistent conduction block was seen. After distal degeneration had occurred, maximal conduction velocity was mildly reduced, suggesting that the fastest‐conducting motor and afferent fibers had been particularly affected. Morphological studies confirmed preferential large myelinated fiber degeneration, the earliest lesions being seen in the leg at the level of the upper calf. Limb edema was not seen after cooling, and there was no histological evidence of muscle necrosis or damage to blood vessels. No abnormalities were seen in 4 control animals after hind limb immersion for 12 hours at temperatures of 30 to 35°C. Possible reasons for the proximal site of myelinated nerve fiber damage during hindlimb cooling are discussed.