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Quantitative neuromuscular ultrasound in intensive care unit–acquired weakness: A systematic review
Author(s) -
Bunnell Aaron,
Ney John,
Gellhorn Alfred,
Hough Catherine L.
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
muscle and nerve
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.025
H-Index - 145
eISSN - 1097-4598
pISSN - 0148-639X
DOI - 10.1002/mus.24728
Subject(s) - echogenicity , medicine , intensive care unit , weakness , ultrasound , fasciculation , muscle weakness , myopathy , physical medicine and rehabilitation , intensive care , neuromuscular disease , critical illness , physical therapy , critically ill , intensive care medicine , radiology , pathology , surgery , anesthesia , disease
Intensive care unit–acquired weakness (ICU‐AW) causes significant morbidity and impairment in critically ill patients. Recent advances in neuromuscular ultrasound (NMUS) allow evaluation of neuromuscular pathology early in critical illness. Here we review application of ultrasound in ICU‐AW. MEDLINE‐indexed articles were searched for terms relevant to ultrasound and critical illness. Two reviewers evaluated the resulting abstracts ( n = 218) and completed full‐text review ( n = 13). Twelve studies and 1 case report were included. Ten studies evaluated muscle thickness or cross‐sectional area (CSA): 8 reported a decrease, and 2 reported no change. Two studies reported preservation of muscle thickness in response to neuromuscular electrical stimulation, and 1 found no preservation. One study found decreases in gray‐scale standard deviation, but no change in echogenicity. One study described increases in echogenicity and fasciculations. Ultrasound reliability in ICU‐AW is not fully established. Further investigation is needed to identify ultrasound measures that reliably predict clinical, electrodiagnostic, and pathologic findings of ICU‐AW. Muscle Nerve 52 : 701–708, 2015