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Molecular and cell biology of the sarcoglycan complex
Author(s) -
Ozawa Eijiro,
Mizuno Yuji,
Hagiwara Yasuko,
Sasaoka Toshikuni,
Yoshida Mikiharu
Publication year - 2005
Publication title -
muscle and nerve
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.025
H-Index - 145
eISSN - 1097-4598
pISSN - 0148-639X
DOI - 10.1002/mus.20349
Subject(s) - dystrophin , biology , muscular dystrophy , microbiology and biotechnology , gene , genetics , computational biology
The original sarcoglycan (SG) complex has four subunits and comprises a subcomplex of the dystrophin–dystrophin‐associated protein complex. Each SG gene has been shown to be responsible for limb‐girdle muscular dystrophy, called sarcoglycanopathy (SGP). In this review, we detail the characteristics of the SG subunits, and the mechanism of the formation of the SG complex and various molecules associated with this complex. We discuss the molecular mechanisms of SGP based on studies mostly using SGP animal models. In addition, we describe other SG molecules, ϵ‐ and ζ‐SGs, with special reference to their expression and roles in vascular smooth muscle, which are currently in dispute. We further consider the maternally imprinted nature of the ϵ‐SG gene. Finally, we stress that the SG complex cannot work by itself and works in a larger complex system, called the transverse fixation system, which forms an array of molecules responsible for various muscular dystrophies. Muscle Nerve, 2005