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Effects of contrast agents on relaxation properties of 31 P metabolites
Author(s) -
Valkovič Ladislav,
Lau Justin Y. C.,
Abdesselam Ines,
Rider Oliver J.,
Frollo Ivan,
Tyler Damian J.,
Rodgers Christopher T.,
Miller Jack J. J.
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
magnetic resonance in medicine
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.696
H-Index - 225
eISSN - 1522-2594
pISSN - 0740-3194
DOI - 10.1002/mrm.28541
Subject(s) - ferumoxytol , gadolinium , iopamidol , chemistry , relaxation (psychology) , in vivo , contrast (vision) , mri contrast agent , saline , nuclear magnetic resonance , nuclear medicine , medicine , magnetic resonance imaging , radiology , contrast medium , microbiology and biotechnology , organic chemistry , biology , physics , artificial intelligence , computer science
Purpose Phosphorous MR spectroscopy ( 31 P‐MRS) forms a powerful, non‐invasive research tool to quantify the energetics of the heart in diverse patient populations. 31 P‐MRS is frequently applied alongside other radiological examinations, many of which use various contrast agents that shorten relaxation times of water in conventional proton MR, for a better characterisation of cardiac function, or following prior computed tomography (CT). It is, however, unknown whether these agents confound 31 P‐MRS signals, for example, 2,3‐diphosphoglycerate (2,3‐DPG). Methods In this work, we quantitatively assess the impact of non‐ionic, low osmolar iodinated CT contrast agent (iopamidol/Niopam), gadolinium chelates (linear gadopentetic acid dimeglumine/Magnevist and macrocyclic gadoterate meglumine/Dotarem) and superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (ferumoxytol/Feraheme) on the nuclear T 1 and T 2 of 31 P metabolites (ie, 2,3‐DPG), and 1 H in water in live human blood and saline phantoms at 11.7 T. Results Addition of all contrast agents led to significant shortening of all relaxation times in both 1 H and 31 P saline phantoms. On the contrary, the T 1 relaxation time of 2,3‐DPG in blood was significantly shortened only by Magnevist ( P = .03). Similarly, the only contrast agent that influenced the T 2 relaxation times of 2,3‐DPG in blood samples was ferumoxytol ( P = .02). Conclusion Our results show that, unlike conventional proton MR, phosphorus MRS is unconfounded in patients who have had prior CT with contrast, not all gadolinium‐based contrast agents influence 31 P‐MRS data in vivo, and that ferumoxytol is a promising contrast agent for the reduction in 31 P‐MRS blood‐pool signal.