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Water–fat separation in spiral magnetic resonance fingerprinting for high temporal resolution tissue relaxation time quantification in muscle
Author(s) -
Koolstra Kirsten,
Webb Andrew G.,
Veeger Thom T. J.,
Kan Hermien E.,
Koken Peter,
Börnert Peter
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
magnetic resonance in medicine
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.696
H-Index - 225
eISSN - 1522-2594
pISSN - 0740-3194
DOI - 10.1002/mrm.28143
Subject(s) - deblurring , imaging phantom , magnetic resonance imaging , nuclear magnetic resonance , in vivo , biomedical engineering , materials science , relaxation (psychology) , chemistry , computer science , pattern recognition (psychology) , nuclear medicine , physics , artificial intelligence , image processing , medicine , radiology , biology , image (mathematics) , image restoration , microbiology and biotechnology
Purpose To minimize the known biases introduced by fat in rapid T 1 and T 2 quantification in muscle using a single‐run magnetic resonance fingerprinting (MRF) water–fat separation sequence. Methods The single‐run MRF acquisition uses an alternating in‐phase/out‐of‐phase TE pattern to achieve water–fat separation based on a 2‐point DIXON method. Conjugate phase reconstruction and fat deblurring were applied to correct for B 0 inhomogeneities and chemical shift blurring. Water and fat signals were matched to the on‐resonance MRF dictionary. The method was first tested in a multicompartment phantom. To test whether the approach is capable of measuring small in vivo dynamic changes in relaxation times, experiments were run in 9 healthy volunteers; parameter values were compared with and without water–fat separation during muscle recovery after plantar flexion exercise. Results Phantom results show the robustness of the water–fat resolving MRF approach to undersampling. Parameter maps in volunteers show a significant ( P < .01) increase in T 1 (105 ± 94 ms) and decrease in T 2 (14 ± 6 ms) when using water–fat‐separated MRF, suggesting improved parameter quantification by reducing the well‐known biases introduced by fat. Exercise results showed smooth T 1 and T 2 recovery curves. Conclusion Water–fat separation using conjugate phase reconstruction is possible within a single‐run MRF scan. This technique can be used to rapidly map relaxation times in studies requiring dynamic scanning, in which the presence of fat is problematic.