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Nyquist ghost correction of breast diffusion weighted imaging using referenceless methods
Author(s) -
McKay Jessica A.,
Moeller Steen,
Zhang Lei,
Auerbach Edward J.,
Nelson Michael T.,
Bolan Patrick J.
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
magnetic resonance in medicine
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.696
H-Index - 225
eISSN - 1522-2594
pISSN - 0740-3194
DOI - 10.1002/mrm.27563
Subject(s) - computer science , diffusion mri , calibration , algorithm , mathematics , artificial intelligence , nuclear medicine , statistics , magnetic resonance imaging , medicine , radiology
Purpose Correction of Nyquist ghosts for single‐shot spin‐echo EPI using the standard 3‐line navigator often fails in breast DWI because of incomplete fat suppression, respiration, and greater B 0 inhomogeneity. The purpose of this work is to compare the performance of the 3‐line navigator with 4 data‐driven methods termed “referenceless methods,” including 2 previously proposed in literature, 1 introduced in this work, and finally a combination of all 3, in breast DWI. Methods Breast DWI was acquired for 41 patients with SS SE‐EPI. Raw data was corrected offline with the standard 3‐line navigator and 4 referenceless methods, which modeled the ghost as a linear phase error and minimized 3 unique cost functions as well as the median solution of all 3. Ghost levels were evaluated based on the signal intensity in the background region, defined by a mask auto‐generated from a T 1 ‐weighted anatomical image. Ghost intensity measurements were fit to a linear mixed model including ghost correction method and b‐value as covariates. Results All 4 referenceless methods outperformed the standard 3‐line navigator with statistical significance at all 4 b‐values tested (b = 0, 100, 600, and 800 s/mm 2 ). Conclusions Referenceless methods provide a robust way to reduce Nyquist ghosts in breast DWI without the need for any additional calibration scan.