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Overestimation of cardiac lactate production caused by liver metabolism of hyperpolarized [1‐ 13 C ]pyruvate
Author(s) -
Wespi Patrick,
Steinhauser Jonas,
Kwiatkowski Grzegorz,
Kozerke Sebastian
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
magnetic resonance in medicine
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.696
H-Index - 225
eISSN - 1522-2594
pISSN - 0740-3194
DOI - 10.1002/mrm.27197
Subject(s) - chemistry , ventricle , metabolism , nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy , pyruvic acid , lactic acid , medicine , biochemistry , biology , organic chemistry , bacteria , genetics
Purpose The purpose of this work was to study the contribution of liver [1‐ 13 C]lactate to the lactate signal detected in the heart following injection of hyperpolarized [1‐ 13 C]pyruvate. Methods A slice‐selective saturation scheme was incorporated into a hybrid metabolic imaging and spectroscopy approach to selectively presaturate lactate in the liver. Imaging and slice‐selective spectroscopy of [1‐ 13 C]pyruvate and its downstream metabolites were sequentially interleaved in the same experiment with optional presaturation of liver [1‐ 13 C]lactate. Six healthy rats were measured, and metabolic data in the heart acquired with and without presaturation of liver lactate were compared. Results When using liver lactate presaturation, a statistically significant reduction of the lactate/pyruvate ratio was observed in the spectroscopic data of the left ventricle (0.18 ± 0.03 versus 0.24 ± 0.04; p < .05) as well as in the imaging data of the blood pool (0.05 ± 0.01 versus 0.11 ± 0.01; p < .05). No significant difference in myocardial lactate was observed when using myocardium only as the region of interest in the imaging data (0.08 ± 0.01 versus 0.11 ± 0.02; p = .2). Conclusion Liver metabolism leads to statistically significant overestimation of cardiac lactate production in slice‐selective or nonselective spectroscopic experiments. Therefore, metabolic imaging is preferred over spectroscopy to separate left‐ventricular compartments within the slice and hence avoid contamination of cardiac lactate signals. Alternatively, presaturation pulses should be used in combination with spectroscopy approaches.