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Simultaneous measurement of macro‐ and microvascular blood flow and oxygen saturation for quantification of muscle oxygen consumption
Author(s) -
Englund Erin K.,
Rodgers Zachary B.,
Langham Michael C.,
Mohler Emile R.,
Floyd Thomas F.,
Wehrli Felix W.
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
magnetic resonance in medicine
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.696
H-Index - 225
eISSN - 1522-2594
pISSN - 0740-3194
DOI - 10.1002/mrm.26744
Subject(s) - blood flow , perfusion , oxygen , oxygen saturation , skeletal muscle , hemodynamics , ischemia , chemistry , venous blood , saturation (graph theory) , cardiology , medicine , mathematics , organic chemistry , combinatorics
Purpose To investigate the relationship between blood flow and oxygen consumption in skeletal muscle, a technique called “Velocity and Perfusion, Intravascular Venous Oxygen saturation andT 2 * ” ( v PIVOT) is presented. v PIVOT allows the quantification of feeding artery blood flow velocity, perfusion, draining vein oxygen saturation, and muscleT 2 * , all at 4‐s temporal resolution. Together, the measurement of blood flow and oxygen extraction can yield muscle oxygen consumption ( V ˙ O 2 ) via the Fick principle. Methods In five subjects, v PIVOT‐derived results were compared with those obtained from stand‐alone sequences during separate ischemia‐reperfusion paradigms to investigate the presence of measurement bias. Subsequently, in 10 subjects, v PIVOT was applied to assess muscle hemodynamics andV ˙ O 2following a bout of dynamic plantar flexion contractions. Results From the ischemia‐reperfusion paradigm, no significant differences were observed between data from v PIVOT and comparison sequences. After exercise, the macrovascular flow response reached a maximum 8 ± 3 s after relaxation; however, perfusion in the gastrocnemius muscle continued to rise for 101 ± 53 s. PeakV ˙ O 2calculated based on mass‐normalized arterial blood flow or perfusion was 15.2 ± 6.7 mL O 2 /min/100 g or 6.0 ± 1.9 mL O 2 /min/100 g, respectively. Conclusions v PIVOT is a new method to measure blood flow and oxygen saturation, and therefore to quantify muscle oxygen consumption. Magn Reson Med 79:846–855, 2018. © 2017 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.