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Quantification and biodistribution of iron oxide nanoparticles in the primary clearance organs of mice using T 1 contrast for heating
Author(s) -
Zhang Jinjin,
Ring Hattie L.,
Hurley Katie R.,
Shao Qi,
Carlson Cathy S.,
Idiyatullin Djaudat,
Manuchehrabadi Navid,
Hoopes P. Jack,
Haynes Christy L.,
Bischof John C.,
Garwood Michael
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
magnetic resonance in medicine
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.696
H-Index - 225
eISSN - 1522-2594
pISSN - 0740-3194
DOI - 10.1002/mrm.26394
Subject(s) - biodistribution , in vivo , magnetic resonance imaging , ex vivo , hyperthermia , iron oxide nanoparticles , materials science , nuclear magnetic resonance , relaxation (psychology) , iron oxide , chemistry , biomedical engineering , nanoparticle , nuclear medicine , medicine , nanotechnology , radiology , physics , microbiology and biotechnology , metallurgy , biology
Purpose To use contrast based on longitudinal relaxation times (T 1 ) or rates (R 1 ) to quantify the biodistribution of iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs), which are of interest for hyperthermia therapy, cell targeting, and drug delivery, within primary clearance organs. Methods Mesoporous silica‐coated IONPs (msIONPs) were intravenously injected into 15 naïve mice. Imaging and mapping of the longitudinal relaxation rate constant at 24 h or 1 week postinjection were performed with an echoless pulse sequence (SWIFT). Alternating magnetic field heating measurements were also performed on ex vivo tissues. Results Signal enhancement from positive T 1 contrast caused by IONPs was observed and quantified in vivo in liver, spleen, and kidney at concentrations up to 3.2 mg Fe/(g tissue wt.) (61 mM Fe). In most cases, each organ had a linear correlation between the R 1 and the tissue iron concentration despite variations in intra‐organ distribution, degradation, and IONP surface charge. Linear correlation between R 1 and volumetric SAR in hyperthermia therapy was observed. Conclusion The linear dependence between R 1 and tissue iron concentration in major organs allows quantitative monitoring of IONP biodistribution in a dosage range relevant to magnetic hyperthermia applications, which falls into the concentration gap between CT and conventional MRI techniques. Magn Reson Med 78:702–712, 2017. © 2016 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine