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Quantification of turbulence and velocity in stenotic flow using spiral three‐dimensional phase‐contrast MRI
Author(s) -
Petersson Sven,
Dyverfeldt Petter,
Sigfridsson Andreas,
Lantz Jonas,
Carlhäll CarlJohan,
Ebbers Tino
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
magnetic resonance in medicine
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.696
H-Index - 225
eISSN - 1522-2594
pISSN - 0740-3194
DOI - 10.1002/mrm.25698
Subject(s) - turbulence , spiral (railway) , cartesian coordinate system , turbulence kinetic energy , physics , flow (mathematics) , imaging phantom , mechanics , computational fluid dynamics , geometry , mathematics , optics , mathematical analysis
Purpose Evaluate spiral three‐dimensional (3D) phase contrast MRI for the assessment of turbulence and velocity in stenotic flow. Methods A‐stack‐of‐spirals 3D phase contrast MRI sequence was evaluated in vitro against a conventional Cartesian sequence. Measurements were made in a flow phantom with a 75% stenosis. Both spiral and Cartesian imaging were performed using different scan orientations and flow rates. Volume flow rate, maximum velocity and turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) were computed for both methods. Moreover, the estimated TKE was compared with computational fluid dynamics (CFD) data. Results There was good agreement between the turbulent kinetic energy from the spiral, Cartesian and CFD data. Flow rate and maximum velocity from the spiral data agreed well with Cartesian data. As expected, the short echo time of the spiral sequence resulted in less prominent displacement artifacts compared with the Cartesian sequence. However, both spiral and Cartesian flow rate estimates were sensitive to displacement when the flow was oblique to the encoding directions. Conclusion Spiral 3D phase contrast MRI appears favorable for the assessment of stenotic flow. The spiral sequence was more than three times faster and less sensitive to displacement artifacts when compared with a conventional Cartesian sequence. Magn Reson Med 75:1249–1255, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.