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High‐resolution slice‐selective Fourier velocity encoding in congenital heart disease using spiral SENSE with velocity unwrap
Author(s) -
Steeden Jennifer A.,
Jones Alexander,
Pandya Bejal,
Atkinson David,
Taylor Andrew M.,
Muthurangu Vivek
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
magnetic resonance in medicine
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.696
H-Index - 225
eISSN - 1522-2594
pISSN - 0740-3194
DOI - 10.1002/mrm.24293
Subject(s) - spiral (railway) , doppler effect , ultrasound , fourier transform , magnetic resonance imaging , nuclear magnetic resonance , doppler ultrasound , temporal resolution , phase contrast microscopy , fourier analysis , in vivo , phase (matter) , biomedical engineering , materials science , physics , medicine , optics , radiology , mathematics , biology , microbiology and biotechnology , mathematical analysis , quantum mechanics , astronomy
Quantification of peak velocity is important in the assessment of stenotic flow jets in patients with congenital heart disease. Phase‐contrast magnetic resonance underestimates peak velocities. Hence, clinically Doppler ultrasound is used as the reference standard for assessing stenoses. It is possible to accurately measure peak velocity in MR using Fourier velocity encoding (FVE). In this study, a fast, high‐resolution slice‐selective FVE sequence was developed with the use of spiral trajectories, parallel imaging, and partial Fourier in the velocity dimension and a novel velocity‐unwrap technique. The resulting sequence was acquired within a short breath‐hold (more than 15 heartbeats) making this FVE technique clinically achievable. Peak velocities were compared from Doppler ultrasound, phase‐contrast magnetic resonance, and FVE. Experiments were carried out in vitro and in vivo in 25 patients with congenital heart disease with stenoses. It was shown that in vitro and in vivo phase‐contrast magnetic resonance tended to underestimate peak velocity when compared with Doppler ultrasound, whereas FVE agreed well with Doppler ultrasound. Magn Reson Med, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.