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Axcaliber: A method for measuring axon diameter distribution from diffusion MRI
Author(s) -
Assaf Yaniv,
BlumenfeldKatzir Tamar,
Yovel Yossi,
Basser Peter J.
Publication year - 2008
Publication title -
magnetic resonance in medicine
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.696
H-Index - 225
eISSN - 1522-2594
pISSN - 0740-3194
DOI - 10.1002/mrm.21577
Subject(s) - axon , voxel , sciatic nerve , diffusion mri , spinal cord , distribution (mathematics) , central nervous system , anatomy , peripheral nervous system , nuclear magnetic resonance , biomedical engineering , magnetic resonance imaging , biology , neuroscience , medicine , physics , radiology , mathematics , mathematical analysis
The diameter of a myelinated nerve axon is directly proportional to its conduction velocity, so the axon diameter distribution helps determine the channel capacity of nervous transmission along fascicles in the central (CNS) and peripheral nervous systems (PNS). Previously, this histological information could only be obtained using invasive tissue biopsies. Here we propose a new NMR‐based approach that employs a model of water diffusion within “restricted” cylindrical axons to estimate their diameter distribution within a nerve bundle. This approach can be combined with MRI to furnish an estimate of the axon diameter distribution within each voxel. This method is validated by comparing the diameter distributions measured using the NMR and histological techniques on sciatic and optic nerve tissue specimens. The axon diameter distribution measured in each voxel of porcine spinal cord using MRI and using histological methods were similar. Applications are expected in longitudinal studies designed to follow nerve growth in normal and abnormal development, as well as in diagnosing disorders and diseases affecting specific populations of axons in the CNS and PNS. Magn Reson Med 59:1347–1354, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.