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Minimizing RF heating of conducting wires in MRI
Author(s) -
Yeung Christopher J.,
Karmarkar Parag,
McVeigh Elliot R.
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
magnetic resonance in medicine
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.696
H-Index - 225
eISSN - 1522-2594
pISSN - 0740-3194
DOI - 10.1002/mrm.21410
Subject(s) - imaging phantom , scanner , dielectric heating , materials science , biomedical engineering , radio frequency , heating system , rf power amplifier , nuclear magnetic resonance , acoustics , optics , physics , optoelectronics , computer science , medicine , telecommunications , amplifier , cmos , dielectric , thermodynamics
Performing interventions using long conducting wires in MRI introduces the risk of focal RF heating at the wire tip. Comprehensive EM simulations are combined with carefully measured experimental data to show that method‐of‐moments EM field modeling coupled with heat transfer modeling can adequately predict RF heating with wires partially inserted into the patient‐mimicking phantom. The effects of total wire length, inserted length, wire position in the phantom, phantom position in the scanner, and phantom size are examined. Increasing phantom size can shift a wire's length of maximum tip heating from about a half wave toward a quarter wave. In any event, with wires parallel to the scanner bore, wire tip heating is minimized by keeping the patient and wires as close as possible to the central axis of the scanner bore. At 1.5T, heating is minimized if bare wires are shorter than 0.6 m or between ≈2.4 m and ≈3.0 m. Heating is further minimized if wire insertion into phantoms equivalent to most aqueous soft tissues is less than 13 cm or greater than 40 cm (longer for fatty tissues, bone, and lung). The methods demonstrated can be used to estimate the absolute amount of heating in order to set RF power safety thresholds. Magn Reson Med 58:1028–1034, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.