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Measurement of brain glutamate and glutamine by spectrally‐selective refocusing at 3 tesla
Author(s) -
Choi Changho,
Coupland Nicholas J.,
Bhardwaj Paramjit P.,
Malykhin Nikolai,
Gheorghiu Dan,
Allen Peter S.
Publication year - 2006
Publication title -
magnetic resonance in medicine
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.696
H-Index - 225
eISSN - 1522-2594
pISSN - 0740-3194
DOI - 10.1002/mrm.20875
Subject(s) - glutamine , glutamate receptor , creatine , nuclear magnetic resonance , chemistry , human brain , nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy , biochemistry , amino acid , physics , neuroscience , biology , receptor
A new single‐voxel proton NMR spectrally‐selective refocusing method for measuring glutamate (Glu) and glutamine (Gln) in the human brain in vivo at 3T is reported. Triple‐resonance selective 180° RF pulses with a bandwidth of 12 Hz were implemented within point‐resolved spectroscopy (PRESS) for selective detection of Glu or Gln, and simultaneous acquisition of creatine singlets for use as a reference in phase correction. The carriers of the spectrally‐selective 180° pulses and the echo times (TEs) were optimized with both numerical and experimental analyses of the filtering performance, which enabled measurements of the target metabolites with negligible contamination from N‐acetylaspartate and glutathione. The concentrations of Glu and Gln in the prefrontal cortex were estimated to be 9.7 ± 0.5 and 3.0 ± 0.7 mM (mean ± SD, N = 7), with reference to Cr at 8 mM. Magn Reson Med, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.