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Design of flyback echo‐planar readout gradients for magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging
Author(s) -
Cunningham Charles H.,
Vigneron Daniel B.,
Chen Albert P.,
Xu Duan,
Nelson Sarah J.,
Hurd Ralph E.,
Kelley Douglas A.,
Pauly John M.
Publication year - 2005
Publication title -
magnetic resonance in medicine
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.696
H-Index - 225
eISSN - 1522-2594
pISSN - 0740-3194
DOI - 10.1002/mrm.20663
Subject(s) - voxel , echo planar imaging , magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging , signal (programming language) , planar , nuclear magnetic resonance , encoding (memory) , image resolution , phase (matter) , magnetic resonance imaging , computer science , flyback transformer , physics , artificial intelligence , voltage , medicine , computer graphics (images) , quantum mechanics , radiology , programming language , transformer
The spatial resolution of conventional magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging‐(MRSI) is typically coarse, mainly due to SNR limitations. The increased signal available with higher field scanners and new array coils now permits higher spatial resolution, but conventional chemical shift imaging (phase encoding) limits the spatial coverage possible in a patient‐acceptable acquisition time. The “flyback” echo‐planar trajectory is particularly insensitive to errors and provides data that are simple to process. In this study, high‐efficiency gradient waveforms for flyback echo‐planar MRSI were designed and implemented. Normal volunteer studies at 3 T showed the feasibility of acquiring high spatial resolution with large coverage in a short scan time (2048 voxels in 2.3 min and 4096 voxels in 8.5 min). The trajectories were insensitive to errors in timing and require only a modest (10 to 30%) penalty in SNR relative to conventional phase encoding using the same acquisition time. Magn Reson Med, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.