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Carbon blacks as EPR sensors for localized measurements of tissue oxygenation
Author(s) -
Lan Minbo,
Beghein Nelson,
Charlier Nicolas,
Gallez Bernard
Publication year - 2004
Publication title -
magnetic resonance in medicine
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.696
H-Index - 225
eISSN - 1522-2594
pISSN - 0740-3194
DOI - 10.1002/mrm.20077
Subject(s) - electron paramagnetic resonance , carbogen , laser linewidth , oxygen , chemistry , in vivo , oxygenation , nuclear magnetic resonance , materials science , analytical chemistry (journal) , medicine , chromatography , biology , organic chemistry , laser , physics , microbiology and biotechnology , optics
Abstract New electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) oximetry probes were identified in the class of carbon black materials. These compounds exhibit very high oxygen sensitivity and favorable EPR characteristics for biological applications. At low pO 2 , the linewidth is particularly sensitive to changes in oxygen tension (sensitivity of 750 mG/mmHg). The application of the probes for oximetry was demonstrated in vivo: the pO 2 was measured in muscle in which the blood flow was temporarily restricted as well as in tumor‐bearing mice during a carbogen breathing challenge. The responsiveness to pO 2 was stable in muscle for at least 3 months. No toxicity was observed using these materials in cellular experiments and in histological studies performed 2, 7, and 28 days after implantation. In view of their EPR characteristics (high sensitivity) as well as the well‐characterized production procedure that make them available on a large scale, these probes can be considered as very promising tools for future developments in EPR oximetry. Magn Reson Med 51:1272–1278, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.